What is SEO?
At its simplest, SEO, or search engine optimization, is the process of increasing traffic to your website or other online property by improving its ranking in search engine results. If you think about your most recent web search, you probably scrolled through the top few results in Google or your favorite search engine and selected one to explore.
Search engines like Google, Bing and DuckDuckGo use proprietary algorithms to rank and display search results, so SEO is part art and part science, since SEO companies are making educated guesses about what will improve a website’s rank in a search.
Usually, creating original content with appropriate keywords will elevate a site’s ranking. However, there is no “magic bullet” to improving results, and a change in a search engine algorithm could improve or decrease your ranking.
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There is a bit of a “cat and mouse” game when it comes to SEO, as companies attempt to influence search engine rankings through artificial means. You’ve likely come across websites that have strangely worded content and hundreds of links, which are often websites specifically engineered to elevate other sites in search engine rankings.
Since search engines want to provide high-quality results to avoid users switching to another search engine, they’ll regularly update their algorithms to prevent content designed more for search engine rankings than to provide relevant information to a human.
What are SEO tools?
SEO tools provide metrics to help you improve your site’s search engine rankings, taking some of the guesswork out of SEO. The top SEO tools typically include functions such as:
- Site analytics: Assessing various metrics and viewer data for your website, including search terms or links that brought a user to your site.
- Keyword research: Identifying keywords that are likely to help elevate your site in search engine rankings that can be included in the content on your site.
- Content analysis: An overall assessment of the quality of the content on your site. After all, the search engines try to identify the “best” content to elevate their ranking, since that’s what makes them effective.
- Site speed analysis: Fast load times presumably elevate your site in search engine rankings, so many SEO tools include various methods for testing your site’s response and load times.
- Backlink analysis: Discovery and analysis of sites linking to your content. High rankings are generally awarded to sites that are frequently referenced by other sites.
- Social media analysis: Reporting of links to your site on social media, as well as tending topics and keywords from various social media sites like Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn.
- Site health: Discovery of broken links, invalid HTML tags, missing images, etc. While not directly related to SEO, most search engines prefer “healthy” sites to those with broken links and other technical defects.
How do SEO tools work?
SEO tools generally work through a combination of two functions: Keyword research and site analysis.
Keyword research tools can provide a list of keywords associated with a particular topic or term. These tools allow you to research various topics and identify popular keywords that may be worth incorporating into your content to improve search results.
Site analysis tools target existing websites and are focused on analysis and recommendations for your current content. Most of these tools function by “crawling” your website or using site logs or tracking tools. Crawling is similar to how search engines function. An automated web browser starts from a URL you provide and “views” every page it can find, tracking performance and analyzing SEO metrics.
Site analysis might also use web traffic logs, which provide information about who, when and where visitors originated from, or they may use a special embedded site element that allows them to capture views and other data when people visit your site.
One of the most popular SEO and general site analytics tools, Google Analytics, uses this approach by embedding a tag on your website that end users do not see. It allows Google Analytics to capture data about your site and how a visitor navigates it.
How to choose an SEO tool
Online content creation and sales is a huge business, and as such, there are dozens of SEO tools available at a wide variety of price points and configurations. Like many applications, it’s essential to start with your goal in mind when choosing an SEO tool and realize that even the best SEO tool will provide only a slight boost in rankings versus performing some sort of magic to elevate your site.
Suppose you’re deciding whether to invest in compelling content or complex SEO optimizations. In that case, content is usually the best starting point, and a more basic SEO tool can help identify site performance issues and provide keyword suggestions that guide future content creation efforts.
SEO tools can provide a competitive edge if you feel your content is unique and well-crafted or you’re running a commerce-driven site in a competitive market. A slight boost in rankings might put your site atop a competitor and ultimately get you the sale.
However, be aware that SEO strategies are constantly evolving, so an SEO-related optimization that works today may provide zero impact or even a reduction in search rankings later, all at the whim of the search engine provider.
When deciding on the best SEO tool for your company, first determine what functions are most important. A news site would likely focus more on content rankings and keywords, while a fashion commerce site might focus more on social media and backlink analysis.
With your required feature set in mind, the next thing to consider is price and technical requirements. Keyword research tools are the easiest to use, as they generally don’t require any changes to your existing sites and perform their searches based on a broad set of web data and crawling your current sites. In contrast, tools with deep site analytics will likely require some technical setup.
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There’s no harm in using multiple tools, especially since each is effectively guessing what will provide the most benefit to your search rankings. Like seeking a second opinion on a medical issue, performing an analysis with two or more tools before making extensive changes to your site in the name of SEO optimization is often a good idea.
Most tools offer a free trial or similar evaluation period. As they’re performing their analysis against web-based content, the vast majority are cloud-based and don’t require any software installed in your environment, aside from adding tags to your website or uploading web logs.
Best SEO tools and software
Semrush
Semrush is perhaps the most advanced and comprehensive SEO tool in the market, with over 50 tools and a client list that includes some of the biggest consumer brands in the world. Semrush not only performs all the expected functions of an SEO tool, but it also has a broad suite of competitive analysis tools that help analyze how your site compares to similar competitive sites and offer suggestions to increase your rankings.
With all this power comes a degree of sophistication that can be intimidating. Determining which tools are helpful can be challenging, but Semrush breaks down their tools by area of interest and the task you’re trying to accomplish. For example, a user can select Content as an area of interest and then Content Creation as their interest to be presented with three tools relevant to this discipline.
Semrush offers a free trial like most tools, although it’s a relatively short 7-days. Be prepared to set aside some time to evaluate the tool’s depth (and complexity) as there is a lot to explore.
Ahrefs
With over a decade in the SEO business, Ahrefs provides one of the best backlink databases on the web and an extensive keyword library that rivals that of Google itself due to a powerful web crawler that routinely scours the global internet.
The robust link analysis and keyword library make Ahrefs an excellent research tool. For content-rich websites, it’s an ideal starting point to determine trending keywords and identify keywords that are relevant to whatever project you’re launching.
Google Analytics
While not exclusively an SEO tool, Google Analytics is one of the more ubiquitous options since it’s not only free but created and maintained by search giant Google.
Google Analytics requires that you embed a small piece of code into your website and presumably share your site data with Google, but it provides a rich feature set for no monetary cost in most cases.
Google Analytics provides a robust set of site analysis tools to see where your site visitors are coming from, keywords used to find your site and how they traversed your site.
You can also setup the “conversion” feature, which allows you to track when users follow a specific path through your site. This feature was historically designed for e-commerce sites to track sales or conversions but can also be used to test the effectiveness of various keywords, links and content on your site.
Majestic SEO Tools
Another long-timer in the industry, Majestic focuses on backlinks, which significantly influence your search engine rankings based on the simple presumption that the more sites link to your content, the better it is for the topic at hand.
Majestic can assess the quality of the links to your site, helping separate quality links from “link farms” and sites designed to game search rankings and evaluate the “freshness” of links to your content. A somewhat limited “free test” is available by simply entering a URL, allowing for a clear view of Majestic’s capabilities.
Moz Pro
Moz Pro combines a variety of tools from keyword research to site crawler and optimization analysis. Moz Pro includes everything you need to build a comprehensive SEO strategy for your site, ranging from keyword research, link research and optimization, to identifying page health issues.
There’s also an ability to create automated, customized reports. This can be particularly helpful for larger organizations with dedicated marketing or content creation teams that may not understand or regularly want to access an online dashboard for SEO tools. You might customize a report for “hot topics” for your editor or a competitive report for your product marketing team that arrives in their inbox regularly.
SpyFu
SpyFu is focused primarily on competitive analysis and pay-per-click advertising. In addition to a typical set of SEO tools, including keyword research and backlink tracking, SpyFu also allows you to track your competitors by providing traffic analysis, SEO and PPC strategies they’re employing and identifying new market entrants.
SpyFu also offers scheduling reporting, and with the focus on competitive intelligence could have applicability in many areas of your organization.
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